Circuit-interrupting mechanism



(No Model) D. McP. MOORE. CIRCUIT INTERRUPTING MECHANISM.

N0. 604,687. Patented May 24,1898.

Rig. 5

Big]. 4 7' all I mrcizzor .Da m'cZ MT Moorc UNITED STATES PATENT()EEICE.

DANIEL MOFARLAN MOORE, OF NEWARK, NEIV JERSEY.

CIRCUIT-INTERRUPT ING MECHANISM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 604,687, dated May 24,1898.

Application filed September 9, 1897. Serial No. 651,153. (No model.)

-T0 aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, DANIEL MGFAELAN MOORE, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Newarlqin the county of Essex and State of NewJersey, have invented a certain new and useful Circuit-InterruptingMechanism, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to magnetically-operated circuit-interrupters,and particularly to such interrupters adapted for use in vacuouschambers or receptacles.

The object of the invention is to so construct a magnetic interrupterthat the Vacuum in which it is operated may be readily obtained andmaintained. Heretofore this has been impossible, because of theinability to exclude or extract all the air and gases from the coils ofthe magnets. This object may be accomplished by embedding the Wire ofthe magnet or magnets of the interrupter in a'vitreous material whichhas a minimum amount of occluded gases.

To this end the invention consists in the construction, combination, andarrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, and set forth in theclaims.

In the accompanying drawings-,which forma part of this specification,Figure 1 represents in partially-sectionized side elevation one form ofelectromagnetic circuit interrupter embodying my'invention. Fig. 2represents a horizontal section thereof, taken in the plane indicated byline 2 2, Fig. 1. Fig. 3 represents in side elevation another form ofelectromagnetic circuit-interrupter in which my invention is involved.Fig. 4 is a horizontal section thereof, taken on the plane indicated bythe line 4 4, Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal axial section of anelectromagnet, illustrating the particular feature of my invention.

My invention may be utilized in the construction of magneticcircuit-interrupters of various forms and designs; but it is shownherein as utilized in an interrupterof the rotary sort.

In Fig. 1 the entire motor for operating the interrupter, together withthe latter, is inclosed within a vacuous receptacle 6, while in Fig. 2the armature or rotary part of the motor is located within the vacuousreceptacle (3', while the field coils and poles or the sta-* 'ble to thepoles of the armature.

tionary part of the motor are located outside of said receptacle.

In Fig. 1 a frame of any suitable material, as aluminium, is constructedin suitable form, substantially as shown and described in my priorapplication, Serial No. 615,970, filed December 17, 1896.

For the purposes of illustrating this invention sufiice it to say thatthe framework consists of vertical rods 7, to which are attached crossplates or bars 8, 9, 10, and 11. Passing through these plates andsuitably journaled therein is the shaft-13, on which is mounted acircuit-interrupting wheel 14, the armature 15, and its commutator 16.The brushes 17 of the circuit-interrupter are shown as mounted on postsarising from the plate 9. The conductors 17 from the circuit-interrupterissue from the vacuous receptacle and are sealed in the wall thereof,substantially as indicated.

The field-coils of the motor are indicated at 18, their cores beingconnected by the polepieces 19, said field-coils and pole-pieces beingsupported in place by a connection of the latter to the plate 10 in anysuitable way.

The brushes 20, bearing upon commutator 16, may be supported in anysuitable way, as by posts depending from the pole-pieces 19.

The circuit-wires 210i the motor may be led from the vacuous receptacleand sealed in the walls thereof, substantially as indicated.

In Fig. 2 the construction of the interruptersupporting frame and of theinterrupter are substantially as just described; but in this form of theapparatus the armature 15 alone is mounted within the receptacle 6,itsbrushes being suitably supported from the plate 11, as by posts 22. Thefield-magnets are exterior to the vacuous receptacle and are indicatedat 23. The polar extensions 24 of the field-magnets embrace thereceptacle 6, as indicated, being brought as closely as possi Thisarrangement of the motor or its rotary part within the vacuousreceptacle makes it pos sible to obtain a higher rate of speed for thecircuit-interrupter than can possibly be obtained with the rotary partof the motor in the open air. With magnet-coils, however, as heretoforeconstructed it would be utterly impossible to obtain and maintain avacuum within the receptacle. To overcome this difficulty, the turns andlayers of wire constituting the armature and field-coils, where both areincluded in the vacuous space, are thoroughly insulated byand embeddedwithin a mass of some vitreous material, such as glass or porcelain,preferably the latter. In Fig. 4 the construction of the magnet on thisplan is illustrated in detail. Such construction is effected by coatingwith porcelain the core of the magnet, which may be solid or tubular,(here shown at 25 as tubular.) This coating may be applied in any of thewell-known ways and be fused to or fired upon the metal of the core.This coating is indicated at 26. About the core thus formed is coiled alayer of wire, the turns of which are spaced apart, as indicated at 27.Another coat of porcelain is then deposited upon this layer of wire,thereby thoroughly insulating the turns of the coil from one another andembedding the whole within the mass. Another layer of wire may then becoiled upon the first, as indicated at 28, and this thoroughly embeddedin porcelain, as just described and as indicated. This mode ofconstruction may be continued until the coil has assumed the properproportions. In the drawings three layers are illustrated, the lastbeing indicated at 29.

In the construction of the frame of the interrupter as illustratedaluminium has been used because of the minimum amount of oceluded gases.The vacuum may be further protected, however, by coating all the metalparts thereof, so far as practical, with porcelain, substantially in themanner described in connection with the core of the magnet; but this isnot so material as is the insulation of the magnet-coils in the mannerjust described. While the magnet thus insulated is especially adaptedfor use in vacuo, it must be understood that magnets so constructed inaccordance with this invention are not hereby limited to this specificuse, as they may be advantageously used in various other places as, forinstance, in corrosive and other sorts of liquids and in damp or wetplaces. This method of constructing the coils of a motor makes itpossible to locate one entire electromagnetic motor within a vacuouschamber, so that a self-starting or induction motor may now be operatediflUCLCtLO. The efficiency of a motor so located is greatly increasedbecause of the capability of reducing the air-gap thereof, as well asbecause of the greater ease of operation due to the lack of airresistance.

Motors of different construction from those shown may be employed formagnetically operating the circuit-interrupter, and the arrangement andlocation thereof within the vacuum-chamber may be varied from thatillustrated. So, also, the manner of coating and embedding the wire ofthe magnet-coils may be varied from that described without departingfrom the invention.

that I claim as my invention is- 1. The combination with a vacuousreccpiacle, of a eircuit-interrupter therein, a motor for driving theinterrupter, the rotary part of which motor is within said receptacleand has its coils insulated and thoroughly embedded in a vitreous mass.

2. The combination with a vacuous receptacle, of a circuit-interruptertherein, a motor for driving the interrupter also located in thereceptacle and having the coils thereof insulated by and thoroughlyembedded in a vit reous mass.

3. A magnetically-operated circuit-interrupter the magnet or magnets ofwhich are inclosed in a vacuous receptacle and the coils of which areinsulated by and thoroughly embedded in a vitreous mass.

45. The combination with a vacuous chamber, of a rotarycircuit-interrupter located therein,a circuit of induction controlledthere by, an electromagnetic motor located wholly within said chamberfor operating the interrupter, and an operating-circuit for said motorindependent of the circuit of induction.

5. The combination with a vacuous chamber, of a rotarycircuit-interrupter located therein,a circuit of induction controlledthereby, a self-starting or induction motor the armature or rotary partof which with its coils is located Within said chamber and operates theinterrupter, and a power-circuit for said motor independent of thecircuit of induction, substantially as set forth.

6. The combination with a vacuous receptacle, of a circuit-interruptertherein, and electromagnetic devices operating the interrupter, saiddevices being also located in the receptacle an d having its coil orcoils covered by an inclosing vitreous envelop.

7. A magnetically-operated circuit-interrupter inclosed in a vacuousreceptacle, and having the metal portions of the magnet or magnets whichoperate said interrupter coated with a vitreous envelop.

Signed at New York, in the county of New York and State of New York,this 20th day of August, A. D. 1897.

DANIEL MCFARLAN MOORE.

\Vitnesses:

WM. II. CAPEL, D. II. DEoKEn.

ITO

